5A ACS712 Current Sensor

What Is ACS712?

• A Hall-effect based current sensor used to measure AC or DC current.

• The 5A version can measure currents in the range of 5A to +5A.

• Provides an analog voltage output proportional to the current flowing through it.

Key Features

• Measures AC & DC Current

• Non-invasive Hall Effect sensing (electrical isolation)

• Analog Output (linear with current)

• Bidirectional Measurement (positive & negative current)

• Low Noise & High Sensitivity (for 5A version)

• Compact module for easy integration

Technical Specifications

Pin Configuration

Power & Signal Side

• VCC 5 V

• GND Ground

• OUT Analog output to microcontroller

Current Path Terminals

• IP+ Current input

• IP Current output

How It Works

• Current flowing through the conductor creates a magnetic field.

• The Hall-effect sensor detects this magnetic field.

• Internal circuitry converts it into a proportional voltage.

• Output voltage shifts around 2.5V (zero current point).

• Microcontroller reads voltage and calculates current.

Output Behavior

• 0 A ~2.5 V

• +Current Voltage increases

• Current Voltage decreases

Example (5A version):

• +1A 2.685 V

• 1A 2.315 V

Applications

• Power monitoring systems

• Battery charg protection systems

• Motor current sensing

• Energy monitoring (AC/DC loads)

• Embedded and IoT projects

Important Notes

• Noise in Output: Use averaging or filtering for stable readings.

• Calibration Required: Zero offset may vary slightly.

• Limited Accuracy at Low Currents: Best near mid-range.

• Heat Consideration: High current may cause heating.

Summary

• Type: Hall-effect current sensor

• Range: 5A

• Output: Analog (centered at 2.5V)

• Use Case: AC/DC current measurement with